Control Flow statements decide the direction in which your Java program executes. They help you make decisions and repeat actions.
1. Conditional Statements
A. if Statement
Executes a block only when the condition is true.
Try example:
public class IfDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int age = 20;
if (age >= 18) {
System.out.println("You are eligible to vote.");
}
}
}B. if-else Statement
Executes one block when the condition is true, otherwise another block executes.
Try example:
public class IfElseDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int time = 20;
if (time < 18) {
System.out.println("Good day");
} else {
System.out.println("Good evening");
}
}
}C. if-else-if Ladder
Used when multiple conditions must be checked in sequence.
Try example:
public class ElseIfDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int marks = 72;
if (marks >= 90) {
System.out.println("Grade A");
} else if (marks >= 75) {
System.out.println("Grade B");
} else if (marks >= 60) {
System.out.println("Grade C");
} else {
System.out.println("Grade D");
}
}
}D. switch Statement
Useful when comparing one variable against multiple values.
Try example:
public class SwitchDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int day = 4;
switch (day) {
case 1 -> System.out.println("Monday");
case 2 -> System.out.println("Tuesday");
case 3 -> System.out.println("Wednesday");
case 4 -> System.out.println("Thursday");
default -> System.out.println("Weekend");
}
}
}2. Looping Statements
A. for Loop
Best when the number of repetitions is known.
Try example:
public class ForLoopDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
System.out.println("Count: " + i);
}
}
}B. while Loop
Runs as long as the condition remains true.
Try example:
public class WhileDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int i = 1;
while (i <= 5) {
System.out.println("i = " + i);
i++;
}
}
}C. do-while Loop
Executes at least once even if the condition is false initially.
Try example:
public class DoWhileDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int i = 1;
do {
System.out.println("i = " + i);
i++;
} while (i <= 5);
}
}3. Jump Statements
A. break Statement
Immediately exits a loop or switch.
Try example:
public class BreakDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
if (i == 5) break;
System.out.println(i);
}
}
}B. continue Statement
Skips the current iteration and continues with the next one.
Try example:
public class ContinueDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
if (i == 3) continue;
System.out.println(i);
}
}
}